What Are Means Of Transport?
Means of transports which make possible the movement of goods, services and humans/animals from one place to another place.
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What Are The Advantages Of Roadways Over Railways?
The advantages of Roadways over Railways are as follows:
Construction cost is much lower.
Can be laid anywhere such as on slopes, mountains.
Economical in transportation of few persons and relatively smaller amount of goods over short distance.
Provides door to door service, thus cost of loading and unloading is much lower.
Feeder to other models of transport as they provide a link between railway stations, air and sea ports.
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What Are The Advantages Of Air Transport?
(i) It is fastest among all. Take lesser time to reach one place to another.
(ii) It is a most comfortable.
(iii) ItтАЩs prestigious mode of transport.
(iv) It can cover very difficult terrains like high mountains, dreary deserts, dense forests and also long oceanic stretches with great ease.
(v) On the border, to maintain the force and to provide them food and ration at earliest.
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What Do Know About Golden Quadrilateral?
The six lane superhighways which being implemented by National Highway Authority of India(NHAI) and connects Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai (the four metro cities) is known as Golden Quadrilateral.
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What Are The Features Of Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways?
The features of Golden Quadrilateral super highways are given below:
(i) ItтАЩs a six lane super highways.
(ii) It links the mega cities of India i.e. Delhi-Kolkata-Chennai-Mumbai and Delhi.
(iii) It reduces the time and distance between the mega cities of India.
(iv) It is under the NHAI.
(v) itтАЩs a major road development project of our country
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How Is The Tourism Being Helpful In The Development Of Economy As A Trade Or Industry?
(i) Tourism in India has grown substantially over the last three decades.
(ii) More than 15 million (150 lakhs) people are directly engaged in this industry.
(iii) Tourism also promotes national integration.
(iv) It also helps in the development of international understanding about our culture and heritage.
(v) It also provide support to local handicrafts and cultural pursuits.
(vi) It contributes significantly in earning foreign exchange.
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What Does Pipeline Transport Mean?
A new means of transport. A new arrival on the transportation map of India. Through which water is transported to houses and farms, and crude oil, petrol products and natural gas transported to gas refineries and thermal power stations.
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Why The Transport And Means Of Communication Are Called The Lifelines Of An Economy?
i) The trade, transport and communication are complementary to each other.
ii) Connects the far reaching areas of the country and the world
iii) Encourage the national and international tourism.
iv) Brings foreign exchange.
v) Life gets comfortable and easy.
vi) The whole country unites in emergency
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How Many Types Of Roads Are There According To Their Capacity?
Six types of Roads according to their capacity are as follows:
Golden quadrilateral: Links Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Chennai
National highways: Link extreme parts of the country.
State highways: Link state capital with district headquarters.
District roads: Connect district headquarters with other places of district.
Other roads: Rural roads, which link villages importance
Border roads: Link places of strategic more than border in northeast and northern border areas.
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What Are The Major Challenges Of Road Transport?
(i) Almost half of the roads go out of use in the rainy season.
(ii) Roads are insufficient in compare to transport and commuters.
(iii) Roads are narrow and crowded due to the increasing number of vehicles.
(iv) It leads to traffic jams and road rage.
(v) Even National highways are insufficient.
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Important Terms On Class 10 Geography Chapter 7
Border Roads: Border Roads Organisation a Government of India undertaking constructs and maintains roads in the bordering areas of the country. These roads are border roads and improve the accessibility in areas of difficult terrain.
National Highways: Four to six lane highways which connects or link extreme parts of the country and maintained by Central Public Works Department (CPWD).
Balance of Trade: The balance of trade of a country is the difference between its export and import.
Port: The manmade place or facility near the sea cost where ships, boats and barges can be docked to load unload people, things etc. Fuel and other needs can also be taken here. A port is different than a harbor.
New forms of Tourism: Heritage tourism, eco-tourism, adventure tourism, cultural tourism, medical tourism and business tourism. Over 2.6 million foreign tourists visit India every year.
Tidal Port: A port in which the water level within the port is subject to change with the ocean tides. These ports are found in coastal region. e.g. Kandla.
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One Mark Questions With Answers
1. Which sea port is the major port in context to the export of Iron ore?
2. Which two stations are linked by East-West corridor?
3. Which authority certifies both Indian foreign films?
4. When and where did the first train start running in India?
5. What do you understand by the road density?
6. Which is the first port developed after the independence.
7. In which area of India the air transport has been provided to common people as a special provision?
8. Between which two place national waterways no.1 is navigable? How long it is?
9. Which two cities are connecting through NH-1?
10. Which state has highest and lowest road density respectively?
11. Mention the two components of international trade.
12. Which is the longest national highway?
13. Apart from Hindi list out 2 languages in which the largest no of newspaper are published.
14. Give two examples of first class mail.
Answers of 1 Mark Questions
1. Marmagao.
2. Silchar (Assam) to Porbandar(Gujarat)
3. Central board of film certification
4. On 16 April,1853 between Mumbai to Thane(34 km.)
5. The length of road per hundred sq. km. of area is known as density of roads.
6. Kandla Port.
7. In North eastern states.
8. Between Allahabad and Haldia (1620 km long).
9. Delhi and Amritsar
10. Highest-Kerala, lowest-Jammu and Kashmir
11. Exports and Imports
12. NH-7 Connecting Varanshi and Kanyakumari
13. English and Urdu
14. Cards and Envelops
(a) Construction cost of roads is much lower than that of railway lines,
(b) Roads can traverse comparatively more dissected and undulating topography,
(c) Roads can negotiate higher gradients of slopes and as such can traverse mountains such as the Himalayas.
a). Bulk imports as a group registered a growth accounting for 39.09 per cent of total imports. This group includes fertilizers (67.01 per cent), cereals (25.23 per cent), edible oils (7.94 per cent) and newsprint (5.51 per cent).
b). International trade has under gone a sea change in the last fifteen years. Exchange of commodities and goods have been superseded by the exchange of information and knowledge.
c). India has emerged as a software giant at the international level and it is earning large foreign exchange through the export of information technology.
How Efficient Means Of Transport Are Prerequisites For Fast Development?
Goods and services do not move from supply locales to demand locales on their own. The movement of these goods and services from their supply locations to demand locations necessitates the need for transport. Some people are engaged in facilitating these movements. These are known to be traders who make the products come to the consumers by transportation. Thus, the pace of development of a country depends upon the production of goods and services as well as their movement over space. Therefore, efficient means of transport are prerequisites for fast development.
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What Are The Three Important Domain For The Movement Of Goods And Services?
Movement of these goods and services can be over three important domains of our earth i.e. land, water and air. Based on these, transport can also be classified into land, water and air transport.
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How You Can Say That Transport, Communication And Trade Are Complementary To Each Other?
For a long time, trade and transport were restricted to a limited space. With the development in science and technology, the area of influence of trade and transport expanded far and wide. Today, the world has been converted into a large village with the help of efficient and fast moving transport. Transport has been able to achieve this with the help of equally developed communication system. Therefore, transport, communication and trade are complementary to each other.
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How India Is Well-Linked With The Rest Of The World?
Today, India is well-linked with the rest of the world despite its vast size, diversity and linguistic and socio-cultural plurality. Railways, airways, waterways, newspapers, radio, television, cinema and internet, etc. have been contributing to its socio-economic progress in many ways. The trades from local to international levels have added to the vitality of its economy. It has enriched our life and added substantially to growing amenities and facilities for the comforts of life.
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Discuss About The Roadways Of India?
India has one of the largest road networks in the world, aggregating to about 54.7 lakh km. In India, roadways have preceded railways. They still have an edge over railways in view of the ease with which they can be built and maintained.
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Road Transport Vs Rail Transport
(i). Construction cost of roads is much lower than that of railway lines.
(ii). Roads can traverse comparatively more dissected and undulating topography.
(iii). Roads can negotiate higher gradients of slopes and as such can traverse mountains such as the Himalayas.
(iv). Road transport is economical in transportation of few persons and relatively smaller amount of goods over short distances.
(v). It also provides door-to-door service, thus the cost of loading and unloading is much lower.
(vi). Road transport is also used as a feeder to other modes of transport such as they provide a link between railway stations, air and sea ports.
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What Is National Highway?
National Highways link extreme parts of the country. These are the primary road systems and are laid and maintained by the Central Public Works Department (CPWD). A number of major National Highways run in North- South and East-West directions. The historical Sher-Shah Suri Marg is called National Highway No.1, between Delhi and Amritsar.
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Discuss About The State Highway?
Roads linking a state capital with different district headquarters are known as State Highways. These roads are constructed and maintained by the State Public Works Department (PWD) in State and Union Territories.
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What Is The Difference Between The District Road And Other Roads?
District Roads: These roads connect the district headquarters with other places of the district. These roads are maintained by the Zila Parishad.
Other Roads: Rural roads, which link rural areas and villages with towns, are classified under this category. These roads received special impetus under the Pradhan Mantri Grameen Sadak Yojana. Under this scheme special provisions are made so that every village in the country is linked to a major town in the country by an all season motorable road.
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What Are Border Road?
Border Roads Organisation a Government of India undertaking constructs and maintains roads in the bordering areas of the country. This organisation was established in 1960 for the development of the roads of strategic importance in the northern and north-eastern border areas. These roads have improved accessibility in areas of difficult terrain and have helped in the economic development of these area.
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Golden Quadrilateral Super Highway
The government has launched a major road development project linking Delhi- Kolkata-Chennai-Mumbai and Delhi by six-lane Super Highways. The North- South corridors linking Srinagar (Jammu& Kashmir) and Kanniyakumari (Tamil Nadu), and East-West Corridor connecting Silchar (Assam) and Porbander (Gujarat) are part of this project. The major objective of these Super Highways is to reduce the time and distance between the mega cities of India. These highway projects are being implemented by the National Highway Authority of India (NHAI).
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What Is The Distribution Of Railway Network In India?
In the hilly terrains of the peninsular region, railway tracts are laid through low hills, gaps or tunnels. The Himalayan mountainous regions too are unfavourable for the construction of railway lines due to high relief, sparse population and lack of economic opportunities. Likewise, it was difficult to lay railway lines on the sandy plain of western Rajasthan, swamps of Gujarat, forested tracks of Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha and Jharkhand. The contiguous stretch of Sahyadri could be crossed only through gaps or passes (Ghats). In recent times, the development of the Konkan railway along the west coast has facilitated the movement of passengers and goods in this most important economic region of India. It has also faced a number of problem such as sinking of track in some stretches and landslides.
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What Are The Challenge To Rail Transport In India?
Rail transport suffers from certain problems as well. Many passengers travel without tickets. Thefts and damaging of railway property has not yet stopped completely. People stop the trains, pull the chain unnecessarily and this causes heavy damage to the railway.
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What Do Understand By The Pipeline?
Pipeline transport network is a new arrival on the transportation map of India. In the past, these were used to transport water to cities and industries. Now, these are used for transporting crude oil, petroleum products and natural gas from oil and natural gas fields to refineries, fertilizer factories and big thermal power plants. Solids can also be transported through a pipeline when converted into slurry. The far inland locations of refineries like Barauni, Mathura, Panipat and gas based fertilizer plants could be thought of only because of pipelines. Initial cost of laying pipelines is high but subsequent running costs are minimal.
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What Are The Three Important Network Of Pipeline?
There are three important networks of pipeline transportation in the country.
From oil field in upper Assam to Kanpur(Uttar Pradesh), via Guwahati, Barauni and Allahabad. It has branches from Barauni to Haldia, via Rajbandh, Rajbandh to Maurigram and Guwahati to Siliguri.
From Salaya in Gujarat to Jalandhar in Punjab, via Viramgam, Mathura, Delhi and Sonipat. It has branches to connect Koyali (near Vadodara, Gujarat) Chakshu and other places.
Gas pipeline from Hazira in Gujarat connects Jagdishpur in Uttar Pradesh, via Vijaipur in Madhya Pradesh. It has branches to Kota in Rajasthan, Shahajahanpur, Babrala and other places in Uttar Pradesh.
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Railway Transport
Railways are the principal mode of transportation for freight and passengers in India. Railways also make it possible for people to conduct multifarious activities like business, sightseeing, pilgrimage along with transportation of goods over longer distances. Apart from an important means of transport the Indian Railways have been a great integrating force for more than 150 years. Railways in India bind the economic life of the country as well as accelerate the development of the industry and agriculture.
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What Waterways Have Been Declared As The National Waterways By The Government?
The Ganga river between Allahabad and Haldia (1620 km)-N.W. No.1.
The Brahmaputra river between Sadiya and Dhubri (891 km)-N.W. No.2.
The West-Coast Canal in Kerala (Kottapurma-Kollam, Udyogamandal and Champakkara canals-205 km) тАУ N.W. No.3.
Specified stretches of Godavari and Krishna rivers along with Kakinada Puducherry stretch of canals (1078 km) тАУ N.W. No.4.
Specified stretches of river Brahmani along with Matai river, delta channels of Mahanadi and Brahmani rivers and East Coast Canal (588 km) тАУ N.W. No.5.
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What Are The Problem Of Road Transportation?
(i). In sufficient material Highways.
(ii). Road in cities constructed as compared to village.
(iii). Curvature of bridges are narrow and old.
(iv). Most of the road are Non Metallic thatтАЩs why they are not in usage on rainy season.
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What Is The Distribution Of Major Ports In India?
With a long coastline of 7,516.6 km, India is dotted with 12 major and 200 notified non-majors (minor/intermediate) ports. These major ports handle 95 per cent of IndiaтАЩs foreign trade.
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Name Any Three Important Port For India And Their Significance?
Kandla in Kuchchh was the first port developed soon after Independence to ease the volume of trade on the Mumbai port, in the wake of loss of Karachi port to Pakistan after the Partition.
Mumbai is the biggest port with a spacious natural and well-sheltered harbour. The Jawaharlal Nehru port was planned with a view to decongest the Mumbai port and serve as a hub port for this region. This port accounts for about fifty per cent of IndiaтАЩs iron ore export. New Mangalore port, located in Karnataka caters to the export of iron ore concentrates from Kudremukh mines.
Chennai is one of the oldest artificial ports of the country. It is ranked next to Mumbai in terms of the volume of trade and cargo. Vishakhapatnam is the deepest landlocked and well-protected port. This port was, originally, conceived as an outlet for iron ore exports. Paradwip port located in Odisha, specialises in the export of iron ore. Kolkata is an inland riverine port.
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The Waterways
Since the ancient period, India was one of the seafaring countries. Its seamen sailed far and near, thus, carrying and spreading Indian commerce and culture. Waterways are the cheapest means of transport. They are most suitable for carrying heavy and bulky goods. It is a fuel-efficient and environment friendly mode of transport. India has inland navigation waterways of 14,500 km in length. Out of these only 5685 km are navigable by mechanised vessels.
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What Do You Understand By The Airways? Explain With Some Example?
The air travel, today, is the fastest, most comfortable and prestigious mode of transport. It can cover very difficult terrains like high mountains, dreary deserts, dense forests and also long oceanic stretches with great ease. Think of the north-eastern part of the country, marked with the presence of big rivers, dissected relief, dense forests and frequent floods and international frontiers, etc. in the absence of air transport. Air travel has made access easier. For example, the air transport was nationalised in 1953. Air India provides domestic and international air services. Pawanhans Helicopters Ltd. provides helicopter services to Oil and Natural Gas Corporation in its off-shore operations, to inaccessible areas and difficult terrains like the north-eastern states and the interior parts of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand.
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What Is Communication? What Are Its Various Types?
Long distance communication is far easier without physical movement of the communicator or receiver. Personal communication and mass communication including television, radio, press, films, etc. are the major means of communication in the country. The Indian postal network is the largest in the world. It handles parcels as well as personal written communications. Cards and envelopes are considered first-class mail and are airlifted between stations covering both land and air. The second-class mail includes book packets, registered newspapers and periodicals. They are carried by surface mail, covering land and water transport. To facilitate quick delivery of mails in large towns and cities, six mail channels have been introduced recently. They are called Rajdhani Channel, Metro Channel, Green Channel, Business Channel, Bulk Mail Channel and Periodical Channel.
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What Type Communication Network Is Mass Communication?
Mass communication provides entertainment and creates awareness among people about various national programmes and policies. It includes radio, television, newspapers, magazines, books and films. All India Radio (Akashwani) broadcasts a variety of programmes in national, regional and local languages for various categories of people, spread over different parts of the country. Doordarshan, the national television channel of India, is one of the largest terrestrial networks in the world.
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Describe The Telecommunication Network Which Is Setup In India?
India has one of the largest telecom networks in Asia. Excluding urban places more than two-thirds of the villages in India have already been covered with Subscriber Trunk Dialling (STD) telephone facility. In order to strengthen the flow of information from the grassroot to the higher level, the government has made special provision to extend twenty-four hours STD facility to every village in the country. There is a uniform rate of STD facilities all over India. It has been made possible by integrating the development in space technology with communication technology.
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International Trade
The exchange of goods among people, states and countries is referred to as trade. The market is the place where such exchanges take place. Trade between two countries is called international trade. It may take place through sea, air or land routes. While local trade is carried in cities, towns and villages, state level trade is carried between two or more states. Advancement of international trade of a country is an index to its economic prosperity. It is, therefore, considered the economic barometer for a country.
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What Is Favourable Balance Trade?
As the resources are space bound, no country can survive without international trade. Export and import are the components of trade. The balance of trade of a country is the difference between its export and import. When the value of export exceeds the value of imports, it is called a favourable balance of trade. On the contrary, if the value of imports exceeds the value of exports, it is termed as unfavourable balance of trade.
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Discuss About The Trade Of India?
India has trade relations with all the major trading blocks and all geographical regions of the world. The commodities exported from India to other countries include gems and jewellery, chemicals and related products, agriculture and allied products, etc. The commodities imported to India include petroleum crude and products, gems and jewellery, chemicals and related products, base metals, electronic items, machinery, agriculture and allied products. India has emerged as a software giant at the international level and it is earning large foreign exchange through the export of information technology.
Discuss About The Trade Of India?
India has trade relations with all the major trading blocks and all geographical regions of the world. The commodities exported from India to other countries include gems and jewellery, chemicals and related products, agriculture and allied products, etc. The commodities imported to India include petroleum crude and products, gems and jewellery, chemicals and related products, base metals, electronic items, machinery, agriculture and allied products. India has emerged as a software giant at the international level and it is earning large foreign exchange through the export of information technology.
Discuss About The Trade Of India?
India has trade relations with all the major trading blocks and all geographical regions of the world. The commodities exported from India to other countries include gems and jewellery, chemicals and related products, agriculture and allied products, etc. The commodities imported to India include petroleum crude and products, gems and jewellery, chemicals and related products, base metals, electronic items, machinery, agriculture and allied products. India has emerged as a software giant at the international level and it is earning large foreign exchange through the export of information technology.
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Tourism As A Trade
Tourism in India has grown substantially over the last three decades. More than 15 million people are directly engaged in the tourism industry. Tourism also promotes national integration, provides support to local handicrafts and cultural pursuits. It also helps in the development of international understanding about our culture and heritage. Foreign tourists visit India for heritage tourism, eco-tourism, adventure tourism, cultural tourism, medical tourism and business tourism.
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