Student Corner

1. What are the two main hormones secreted by Thyroid gland?
A. T3
B. T4
C. TSH
D. Both A and B
Ans. D
Explanation: The thyroid gland uses iodine from the food to make two main hormones: Triiodothyronine (T3) and Thyroxine (T4).
2. Too much release of thyroid hormone in the body causes:
A. Hypothyroidism
B. Hyperthyroidism
C. Goitre
D. None of the above
Ans. B
Explanation: Hyperthyroidism is caused by too much release of thyroid hormone.
3. What are the symptoms of release of too much T3 and T4 hormones?
A. Anxiety
B. Nervousness
C. Hair loss
D. All of the above
Ans. D
Explanation: Symptoms of too much T3 and T4 in your body causes: anxiety, irritability or moodiness, nervousness, hyperactivity, sweating or sensitivity to high temperatures, hand trembling (shaking), hair loss, missed or light menstrual periods.
4. Name a disease causes due to the deficiency of iodine?
A. Thyroid cancer
B. Solitary thyroid nodules
C. Goitre
D. Thyroiditis
Ans. C
Explanation: Goitre is a bulge in the neck. A toxic goitre is associated with hyperthyroidism, and a simple or endemic goitre, is caused by iodine deficiency.
5. The symptoms of hypothyroidism are:
A. Dry skin and hair
B. Depression
C. Joint and muscle pain
D. All of the above
Ans. D
Explanation: Symptoms that may indicate too little T3 and T4 in the body causes hypothyroidism: trouble sleeping, tiredness and fatigue, difficulty concentrating, dry skin and hair, depression, sensitivity to cold temperature, frequent, heavy periods, joint and muscle pain.

6. An autoimmune disease of the thyroid tissue is called:
A. Graves disease
B. Thyroiditis
C. Thyroid Cancer
D. None of the above
Ans. A
Explanation: There can be many reasons for an overactive thyroid. It is often caused by an autoimmune disease of the thyroid tissue, called Graves disease (or Basedow’s disease).
7. A condition of a chronic inflammation of the thyroid, which lead to under activity?
A. Goitre
B. Thyroiditis
C. Hypothyroidism
D. Hyperthyroidism
Ans. B
Explanation: A condition called Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, a chronic inflammation of the thyroid, can also lead to under activity. The use of certain medications can also affect the production of thyroid hormones.
8. What are the functions of thyroid gland in the body?
A. Controls metabolism
B. Maintain internal homeostasis
C. Controls breathing and heart rate
D. All of the above
Ans. D
Explanation: It helps in controlling our body's metabolism. It secretes hormone which maintain our internal homeostasis. It controls our breathing and heart rate. Our weight is also monitored by thyroid gland. Even internal temperature, cholesterol levels are also tuned up with the help of the hormones released by thyroid gland.
9. Which gland mainly controls and regulates the actual thyroid activity?
A. Pituitary gland
B. Hypothalamus
C. Both A and B
D. Only A
Ans. C
Explanation: The hypothalamus and the pituitary gland are the main controls that regulate the actual thyroid’s activity.
10. Name the condition marked by a low TSH?
A. Hypothyroidism
B. Hyperthyroidism
C. Goitre
D. Thyroid Cancer
Ans. B
Explanation: In hyperthyroidism, patients have low TSH levels.
From the above quiz we have seen what are the functions of thyroid gland, how it affects health and diseases related with it.